Diversity and Organizations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diversity and Organizations - Research Paper Example Although the articles vary in their approach towards managing diversity, almost all of them cite this as being a complex process that can often prove to be ineffective if not executed correctly. It also opens opportunity for further research specially pertaining to other dimensions of diversity such as age, national origin and disability. Keywords: diversity, gender, racial, diversity management Diversity Management and Perspectives towards Diversity The case of race and gender Diversity is almost always defined in narrow terms, thus, ignoring its all-encompassing nature. It is important to note that there are six dimensions of diversity namely age, disability, gender, race, sexual orientation and national origin (Shore, Chung-Herrera, Dean, Ehrhart, & Jung, 2009). The concept of racial and ethnic stereotyping rests on the fact that human beings make judgments about others on the basis of superficial characteristics such as race and gender. The resulting â€Å"group membership† then reinforces the similarities and differences between individuals which leads to the creation of distinctions based on â€Å"in-group† and â€Å"out-group† characteristics. Such judgments often result in negative consequences for minority members or out-group members in the workplace. This may take the form of lack of mentorship provided to such individuals, poor performance evaluation, careers that are stalled and lack of involvement at work (Shore, Chung-Herrera, Dean, Ehrhart, & Jung, 2009). On the other hand, however, is the view that stems from the â€Å"value in diversity† perspective that states that diversity pertaining to race and ethnicity often results in better understanding of different cultures along with more information, enhanced ability to solve problems, higher creativity and decision-making ability along with constructive conflict that helps such work teams to improve their outcomes (Shore, Chung-Herrera, Dean, Ehrhart, & Jung, 2009). Pro ponents of this perspective assert that â€Å"diversity pays† and enables the company to better understand the needs of its customers and enhance the quality of products and services offered by the organization. It is by virtue of this goal that organisations prefer having a diverse workforce that enhances income and profits. Nevertheless, researchers has suggested otherwise by arguing that diversity in race and ethnicity leads to negative outcomes. These skeptics argue that process loss results from diversity because incorporating diversity imposes substantial costs on the firm. Having a different gender or color from the majority is essentially a source of conflict that is emotional in nature (Herring, 2009). This ultimately tends to reduce cohesiveness and harmony in the team which ultimately increases absenteeism and turnover. Furthermore, it is believed that quality of products that the organization offers declines because of jobs being taken up by workers who are unqual ified and are granted the position only by virtue of accommodating the minority group (Herring, 2009). A similar approach is observed as far as gender diversity is concerned where possessing a gender different from that possessed by the majority is concerned conducive to discrimination and prejudice such as low wages and glass ceiling in the case of females. This has substance since the gender and racial gap in organisations is

Principal’s Message Essay Example for Free

Principal’s Message Essay It is my pleasure reaching out to you in this December issue of the school newsletter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We all feel December when the winds are chilly and cold and mothers bring out the warm mittens, thick clothing, and socks to wrap their children and protect them from the cold. The sun sets early and gets dark even before 6 o’clock P.M. and students are advised to walk home in groups to secure them and make their way home safe. As soon as the children step out of the school and before they get to their homes, their safety is still our concern. In addition to this, the girls will have their overnighter as they make their way to their gender sensitivity training on December 7. Details and parent’s permit will be sent to each student on December 5, 2007 for their perusal and approval.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Allow me to post the following reminders to students, as well as their parents, to encourage cooperation and compliance of all concerned:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -Progress reports for students will come out very soon in preparation for the evaluation of graduating students. Parents are requested to make a personal visit to the respective homeroom teachers of their children to discuss their academic progress.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -In connection with the forthcoming graduation, 8th grade parents are encouraged to take an active part in the graduation committee. Meeting with 8th grade teachers will be announced.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -The graduation picture taking will be rescheduled to December 14th for a longer period of preparation for the students.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -Bilingual parents should also take note of the English test with ISAT which will be conducted 10 weeks from this date. Necessary preparations should be undertaken to ensure good results in the said test.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In view of the volume of work for this month, all teachers and staff are expected to attend to their duties and refrain from early vacations, absences stating such alibis â€Å"sick and dying parents or family members,† which may not be true. Such absences will not be excused considering the exigency of the service.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In closing let me greet one and all a blessed Christmas and happiness in the coming year! Least we forget, Christ is the reason for the season†¦

Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus Essays -- The Life and Death of D

From the outset of Marlowe's play 'Doctor Faustus,' it is clear that Faustus is a man who is unwilling to accept the limitations of human knowledge. In seeking to become more than a man, with no regard for the spiritual consequences, he becomes an example to the religious audience of Marlowe's time of what happens when a man pursues knowledge undeterred by moral boundaries. From the outset of the play, Faustus appears to be driven by his thirst for knowledge. The chorus introduces him as 'gluttedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦with learning's golden gifts,' and led by his desire to further expand his knowledge he 'surfeits upon cursed necromancy.' Here, I noticed that imagery connected with food and overindulgence is used to illustrate the scholastic gluttony that seems to control Faustus' actions, as though by learning he were feeding a hunger. His own words at the beginning of the play, which are interspersed with the names of works he has studied and phrases in foreign languages, immediately convey his strongly academic nature. Showing the importance Faustus attaches to learning, his first request of Mephastophilis is for knowledge relating to the whereabouts of hell, and he later continues to question the demon on astrology and philosophical issues. He also receives a number of books from both Mephastophilis and Lucifer, which he vows to 'keep as chary as my life,' and uses his twenty four years before damnation to continue his studies, seeking to 'prove cosmography' and becoming renowned for his 'learned skill' as 'his fame spread forth in every land.' Born from 'parents of base stock' and rising to greatness beyond the normal scope of man, I think that Faustus could be seen as a Renaissance hero were it not for the misdirecti... ...ic consequences of his actions. This is reinforced by the judgement of the chorus, who provides the moral framework with which the audience is encouraged to view Faustus. I think that the prologue and epilogue, features of Morality Plays, are particularly important in ensuring that the audience is given the intended impression of the central character, whose fate, the chorus insists at the play's closing, is deserved due to his acting on the desire to 'practice more than heavenly power permits.' When Faustus is finally dragged away to hell at the close of his twenty four years of demonic power, he serves as a reminder to Marlowe's audience of what happens to those who disobey God. Essentially therefore, I agree that the play's message concerns the dangers, in this case spiritual, that a thirst for knowledge poses when coupled with a lack of morality.

Description of Environmental Problems

Description of the Environmental Problems Recycling is more than just waste control; it is a responsibility for the conservation of resources. As the years have passed, the influx of individuals entering the United States and natives alike, who are unequipped with the proper paradigm to fully understand the colossal advantages recycling has on their state and greater still, our world as a whole, do the environment a grave injustice. The world is only able to produce so much and if people don’t work to preserve what the finite resources the earth, as we know will be a cesspool of waste. The problem that seems to readily exist is the limited emphasis put on the process of salvage and reuse. This is a progressive society and without alarming statistics in order to grab the attention of those who dismiss reprocessing as too time consuming or a nuisance won’t conform. Mother Earth will be emaciated and uninhabitable in the future if enough people don’t recognize the scarcity of resources this epidemic can create. The outcry to recycle is not being expressed loudly enough, nor is an alternative, and as a result our earths ability for infinite life and growth is being challenged. There needs to be a mandatory computation for families sent out, like a census, to track their usage for a week to as a means of bringing like to the amount of waste being generated. In calculating my own use, as a family of five, I found my landfill bag to be the fullest at the end of the week, yet the recyclables, paper included, weighed the most. Paper in my home is abundance, yet the more paper the less trees and although this destroys a living organism and seems to be the easiest for anyone to recycle, although, its the most discarded. Deciding what belonged in each bag was a relatively simply duty, I have been recycling, although not always properly, until recently, for over ten years, so what started out as a time consuming necessary evil is now a way of life. The product that was discarded the most was paper in the recycling bin, some of which was never read just a sheer waste of trees and most on non-recycled paper, pull-ups were the most discarded in the landfill container and a two lunch meat containers went into the reuse bin. Recycling isn’t a hard chore if you look at it as regular occurrence, like brushing your teeth, it’s just something you do daily. Recycling is a crucial precursor for the longevity of the earth among other things and a minor task for me to continue. It is also a lifestyle that must be invoked to keep equilibrium among insatiable wants of humans and the necessities of the earth in order to remain sustainable, and R. Edward Freeman, Jessica Pierce and Richard Dodd concur by stating: The conservation mind-set tells us to conserve the earth's resources for the future. The moral and practical presuppositions for this mind-set are several. First, we have to believe that many of the resources basic to human survival (e. . , clean water, arable land, breathable air, forests, other species) are scarce, a fact the conservationists believe has been amply proved. Second, we have a moral responsibility to future generations and must be willing to frame our activities now in the context of future needs. In theory, people would have a moral responsibility to the quality of life for future generations and exercise it, but in r eality, people don’t care or don’t respond adequately to the human element and even less about wildlife and their habitat. Despite our best efforts the question still remains, are landfills the most environmentally safe and cost effective device to promote a healthy environment? The are some pessimist who respond negatively to the idea of recycling as some argue that without proper waste management options it cost more to recycle that to just discard. The National Resources Defense Council, quoted a writer, John Tierney, from â€Å"Recycling is Garbage†: The simplest and cheapest option is usually to bury garbage in an environmentally safe landfill. There’s little reason to worry about modern landfills, which by federal law must be lined with clay and plastic, equipped with drainage and gas-collection system, covered daily with soil and monitored regularly for underground leaks. In conflicting information it shows that this is an incorrect statement, because landfills are not inexpensive and the danger to the environmental has been noted as dangerous but conflicting on the level of toxicity. Recommendations The Merriam-Webster collegiate dictionary describes recycling as â€Å"to pass again through a series of changes or treatments; to return to an original condition so that operation can begin again†. Recycling is clearly the only way to prolong the life of the planet, but the lingering problem is what manner to do the recycling? Landfills are no longer the optimum choice because of the long-term consequence and no one is fully prepared to have a landfill in their neighborhood. â€Å"It is likely that regional prosperity would be enhanced if every community were more self-reliant†¦ and recycle locally† (NRDC, 1997). The use of state of the art less emission incinerators would be an option or the use of less packing supplies for items that are unbreakable (apparel, books and rubber exercise equipment and accompanying tapes), are all item that could use less packing. People are driven by money, use the same incentive that make people return pop cans and if there were a price put on the amount of recycling it would stand to increase considerably. Over the years, people attempting to reduce their trash started burning it which is more harmful to the environment from the fumes alone and other methods have tried and failed.

Compare Glory Glory Be to Chocolate

Compare and analyse ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’ and ‘The Butcher’s Shop’ and how they represent the ideas/attitudes/feelings about food. In ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’, John Agard emphasises the marvellous and remarkable feelings the author has towards chocolate. He exaggerates his attitudes on how he feels food should be spoken about, as he constantly repeats religious references such as ‘manifestations’. Using the lexis from the semantic field of religion is useful for the author to strain his response on how chocolate tastes so good.The lexis ‘manifestations’ is a metaphor in the text that portrays that the chocolate has embodied god, showing the Agard’s feelings that chocolate is that powerful to him. Also he wants to share it with the audience by using influential words to hypnotise the reader by appealing to their senses. For example in the citation ‘mouth-watering bars†¦ that ring the tastebud bells’, Agard lures human senses into making them create an image of the ‘butterscotch and caramel’ chocolate that seems so pleasurable, which is one of the aims of John Agard’s; to make people want to appreciate food like he does.However, ‘The Butcher’s Shop’ gives a very negative perspective towards food as Angela Topping uses negative connotations to reveal her ideas and attitudes towards food. Topping explains the darkness in the butcher shop, making the reader imagine them being in the butcher shop witnessing the killing of the innocent animals. The events of the butcher shop illustrate the horrifying truth of what happens to animals instead of the fake stories that children are told in books.Throughout the poem, the author constantly uses a political under tones to give her opinion on the political party which she disagrees with, such as ‘their porky heads voting Tory all their lives their blue rosettes discarded n ow. ’ Topping uses the lexis ‘Tory’ in a negative way, as she tries to give her own opinion on the party, as she is anti tory and is saying the butcher is Tory and doesn’t want change. The butcher doesn’t want change as he likes the way things are going and that animals are killed for slaughter, which makes the readers put the Tory party in a scandalous light.Furthermore, the ‘blue rosettes’ symbolise the Tory party which mainly consist of upper class people but also are the colour rosettes that are given to the best animals at competitions, which is ironic as the animals that get murdered are not actually winners in the end, and their rosettes mean nothing now. At the end of the poem ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’, the last line is on its own stanza, to emphasise the importance of the sentence. By making it significant, Agard asks the audience a simple rhetorical question; ‘the makes every mouth a god? She uses the st raightforward lexis’ to question their views on if they think chocolate is ‘god-like’ which can create highly debatable conversations between people reading the poem. The use of the grammar also sums up the poem and gives the reader a clear choice as to whether they agree with his opinions of chocolate or disagree. By having ‘mouth a god’ in the sentence is a very strong term to have as it can create religious disagreements as some religions have more than one god and could create tension between some readers.In ‘The Butcher’s Shop’, the poem doesn’t flow like ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’ as it has abrupt feel to it throughout the novel with many sentences stopping halfway through and carrying on the next line. Topping uses enjambment through the poem to portray the continuous killings of the animals, and that meat is never ending no matter how much people protest against the butchery and consumption of meat. This is shown in the citation ‘open-mouthed dignified in martyrs’ death.They hang stiff as Sunday manners. ’ In the poem, the stanzas are presented in different lengths, which could represent the different pigs hanging in the butchers shop. Plus, using the adjective ‘dignified’ is described in a sarcastic manner as the poet is saying the pigs are being killed for the greater good and using the term ‘Sunday manner’s exposes that its normal for people to have meat when having the traditional British Sunday dinner and that’s what the animals are killed for.In conclusion, ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’ uses religious references to portray Agards true passion towards chocolate and uses language devices to underline the prominence positive attitude food gives. While ‘The Butcher’s Shop’ gives a cruel feeling towards food, as Topping uses child imagery to demonstrate that there is no innocence in the butch ery and that children’s stories are merely lies as to what happens to animals.

Free Essays on Gay

How do most couples show the world that they are in a loving, devoted, committed relationship? How does one express that they want to spend the rest of their life with one particular person? This is normally done through a marriage, celebrated by a wedding, certified by a marriage license. Homosexuals are human; therefore they are capable of loving another person just as any heterosexual human. Yet, homosexuals are unable to obtain a marriage license anywhere in this country at this time. This needs to be changed; same-sex marriages should be legal in the United States of America. According to the Constitution, marriage is a civil right that all Americans are born with. Our country has decided by passing the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) in 1996 that two people of the same gender cannot get married (Alm et al. 201). By taking away this basic civil right, America has defied what our Founding Fathers based our country one, freedom. Homosexuals are allowed to speak freely, to bear arms , to have privacy, to be protected; what about to marry? It is wrong to base a person’s civil rights on sexuality. Along with the basic civil right to marry, there are other rights that the Defense of Marriage Act denies homosexuals. Rights that married people take for granted, such as the ability to visit a sick or injured spouse in the hospital, are denied to gay and lesbian people. Because of the law, hospitals and other institutions do not have to respect the basic human rights of gay and lesbian couples. Likewise, if one partner in a married couple is seriously ill and incapacitated, the other spouse should be able to make decisions regarding their care and guardianship. This basic right of guardianship is denied to gay and lesbian couples, because, again, their committed relationships are not recognized under the law. If one partner is incapacitated, the other partner is not given the right to make basic health care decisions. If homosexual couples h... Free Essays on Gay Free Essays on Gay How do most couples show the world that they are in a loving, devoted, committed relationship? How does one express that they want to spend the rest of their life with one particular person? This is normally done through a marriage, celebrated by a wedding, certified by a marriage license. Homosexuals are human; therefore they are capable of loving another person just as any heterosexual human. Yet, homosexuals are unable to obtain a marriage license anywhere in this country at this time. This needs to be changed; same-sex marriages should be legal in the United States of America. According to the Constitution, marriage is a civil right that all Americans are born with. Our country has decided by passing the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) in 1996 that two people of the same gender cannot get married (Alm et al. 201). By taking away this basic civil right, America has defied what our Founding Fathers based our country one, freedom. Homosexuals are allowed to speak freely, to bear arms , to have privacy, to be protected; what about to marry? It is wrong to base a person’s civil rights on sexuality. Along with the basic civil right to marry, there are other rights that the Defense of Marriage Act denies homosexuals. Rights that married people take for granted, such as the ability to visit a sick or injured spouse in the hospital, are denied to gay and lesbian people. Because of the law, hospitals and other institutions do not have to respect the basic human rights of gay and lesbian couples. Likewise, if one partner in a married couple is seriously ill and incapacitated, the other spouse should be able to make decisions regarding their care and guardianship. This basic right of guardianship is denied to gay and lesbian couples, because, again, their committed relationships are not recognized under the law. If one partner is incapacitated, the other partner is not given the right to make basic health care decisions. If homosexual couples h...

Jen passe - French Expression

Jen passe - French Expression Expression: ... et jen passe Pronunciation: [ ay zha(n) pahs] Meaning: and thats not all, and all sorts of things, and so on Literal translation: and I pass over some Register: normal Notes The French expression et jen passe is a sort of verbal shorthand, a way of letting listeners know that you are skipping over boring or excessive details. The adverbial pronoun en replaces the implied word choses- the things youre skipping over. Example   Ã‚  Ã‚   Ce que Michel est raseur  ! Il na pas arrà ªtà © de parler de son divorce, dà ©mà ©nagement, licenciement et jen passe  !   Ã‚  Ã‚  Michel is such a bore! He droned on about his divorce, move, firing, and on and on! Variation   Ã‚  Ã‚   Jen passe et des meilleures - literally, I pass over some and better ones. Note that meilleures is feminine plural to agree with choses. Synonyms   Ã‚  Ã‚  et ainsi de suite  Ã‚  Ã‚  et bla bla bla (informal)  Ã‚  Ã‚  et cetera  Ã‚  Ã‚  et patati et patata (informal)  Ã‚  Ã‚  je vous fais cadeau des dà ©tails More Expressions with enExpressions with passerMost common French phrases

Examples of Great Introductory Paragraphs

Examples of Great Introductory Paragraphs An  introductory paragraph, as the opening of a conventional essay,  composition, or  report, is designed to grab peoples  attention. It informs readers about the topic and why they should care about it, but also adds enough intrigue to get them to continue to read. In short, the opening  paragraph  is your chance to make a great first impression. Writing a Good Introductory Paragraph The primary purpose of an introductory paragraph is to pique the interest of your reader and identify the topic and purpose of the essay. It often ends with a thesis statement. You can  engage your readers right from the start  through a number of tried and true ways. Posing a question, defining the key term, giving a brief anecdote, using a playful joke or emotional appeal, or pulling out an interesting fact are just a few approaches you can take. Use imagery, details, and sensory information to connect with the reader if you can.  The key is to add intrigue along with just enough information so your readers want to  find out more.   One way to do this is to come up with a brilliant opening line. Even the most mundane topics have aspects  interesting enough to write about; otherwise, you wouldnt be writing about them, right? When you begin writing a new piece, think about what your readers want or need to know. Use your knowledge of the topic to craft an opening line that will satisfy that need. You  dont want to fall into the trap of what writers call chasers  that bore your readers (such as The dictionary defines....).  The  introduction should make sense and hook the reader right from the start. Make your introductory paragraph brief. Typically, just three or four sentences are enough to set the stage for both long and short essays. You can go into supporting information in the body of your essay, so dont tell the audience  everything all at once. Should You Write the Intro First? Keep in mind that you can always adjust your introductory paragraph later. Sometimes you just have to start writing. You can start at the beginning or dive right into the heart of your essay. Your first draft may not have the best opening, but as you continue to write, new ideas will come to you and your thoughts will develop a clearer focus. Take note of these and, as you work through revisions, refine and edit your opening.   If youre struggling with the opening, follow the lead of other writers and skip it for the moment. Many writers begin with the body and conclusion and come back to the introduction later. Its a useful, time-efficient approach if you find yourself stuck in those first few words. Start where its easiest to start. You can always go back to the beginning or rearrange later, especially if you have an outline completed or general framework informally mapped out. If you dont have an outline, even just starting to sketch one can help organize your thoughts and prime the pump as it were. Successful Introductory Paragraphs You can read all the advice you want about writing a compelling opening, but its often easier to learn by example. Lets see how some writers approached their essays and analyze why they work so well. As a lifelong crabber (that is, one who catches crabs, not a chronic complainer), I can tell you that anyone who has patience and a great love for the river is qualified to join the ranks of crabbers. However, if you want your first crabbing experience to be a successful one, you must come prepared.(Mary Zeigler, How to Catch River Crabs) What did Mary do in her introduction? First of all, she wrote in a little joke, but it serves a dual purpose. Not only does it set the stage for her slightly more humorous approach to crabbing, but it also clarifies what type of crabber shes writing about. This is important if your subject has more than one meaning. The other thing that makes this a successful introduction is the fact that Mary leaves us wondering. What do we have to be prepared for? Will the crabs jump up and latch onto you? Is it a messy job? What tools and gear do I need? She leaves us with questions, and that draws us in because now we want answers. Working part-time as a cashier at the Piggly Wiggly has given me a great opportunity to observe human behavior. Sometimes I think of the shoppers as white rats in a lab experiment, and the aisles as a maze designed by a psychologist. Most of the rats- customers, I mean- follow a routine pattern, strolling up and down the aisles, checking through my chute, and then escaping through the exit hatch. But not everyone is so dependable. My research has revealed three distinct types of abnormal customer: the amnesiac, the super shopper, and the dawdler.(Shopping at the Pig) This revised classification essay begins by painting a picture of an ordinary scenario, the grocery store. But when used as an opportunity to observe human nature, as this writer does, it turns from ordinary to fascinating. Who is the  amnesiac? Would I be classified as the  dawdler  by this cashier? The descriptive language and the analogy to rats in a maze add to the intrigue, and  readers are left wanting more. For this reason, even though its lengthy, this is an effective opening. In March 2006, I found myself, at 38, divorced, no kids, no home, and alone in a tiny rowing boat in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. I hadn’t eaten a hot meal in two months. I’d had no human contact for weeks because my satellite phone had stopped working. All four of my oars were broken, patched up with duct tape and splints. I had tendinitis in my shoulders and saltwater sores on my backside.I couldn’t have been happier....(Roz Savage, My Transoceanic Midlife Crisis.  Newsweek, March 20, 2011) Here we have an example of reversing expectations. The introductory paragraph is filled with doom and gloom. We feel sorry for the writer but are left wondering whether the article will be a classic sob story. It is in the second paragraph where we find out that its quite the opposite. Those first few words of the second paragraph- which a reader cannot help but skim- surprise us and thus draw us in. How can the narrator be happy after all that sorrow? This reversal compels us to find out what happened. Most people have had streaks where nothing seems to go right. Yet, it is the possibility of a turn of fortunes that compels us to keep going. This writer appealed to our emotions and a sense of shared experience to craft an effective read.

Social worker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social worker - Essay Example dividual’s upbringing, especially parental influence and their family values, the prevailing religious philosophy, friends and colleagues, education and experiences among others (Great Britain Parliament: House of Commons, 2011). Effective people acknowledge these environmental impacts and develop a precise and important set of principles and priorities. Once personal values are well defined, Bainham (2005) said they will have significant influences on every activity in human life. Human beings are known to demonstrate and tailor values in the practical side of one’s person, organizational culture, decision making processes, their input, and communication within neighbours. As Alsop (2013) suggested, values help individuals to arrive at proper decisions on the most important issues in one’s everyday business and domestic life. In light of the overarching role of personal values, human goals and life activities or experiences are based on the personal values. According to Martin and Rogers (2004) it is important to select the values that an individual prefers the most, the values one believes in and those that influence the character of the person in question. Practicing those values in every activity helps to reinforce personality. Living one’s values is perhaps the most influential tool which can be used to build the kind of person one aspires to be as it helps people to realize the best goals and thoughts (Probert, 2009). Costa-Font and Greer (2012) noted that unlike personal values referring to the morals which an individual recognizes and aligns himself or herself to in respect to parties and situations within a social setting in everyday life, Professional Capabilities Framework (PCF) values entail the morals that an individual must conform to during one’s interactions in a formal work life. British Association of Social Workers (BASW) ethics also come in handy during business interactions at the workplace (BASW, 2014; Bridge, & Street, 2001).

Should we impose tougher laws to combat the inequality within our law Research Paper

Should we impose tougher laws to combat the inequality within our law enforcement agencies - Research Paper Example In the discussion it is revealed that the implementation of tough laws have made it even harder to reduce inequalities. The issue cannot be overcome by implementation of a single law and recommendations are made on how the discrepancies can be corrected. Introduction Inequalities in the American justice system continue to be rampant. This has mostly been displayed in dealing with the drug problem. It has been observed that when it comes to drug related crimes, the law treats races differently. There was a survey that was conducted in 1991 that reveals that the prison population mostly consists of poorly educated, young and poor people who were mostly from the minority ethnic groups. It also showed that there only 4% of the whole jail population was female despite the two genders being equally represented in the normal population. It also found that 40% of the population of the male was between the ages of 18-25 despite them being only 16% in the general population. 40% of the males u nder age of 25 were reported to have dropped out of school before the age of 16 and in the general population this group consists of 16% only (Garland, D. (2001: 120). For instance, only 14% of the African Americans use drugs but 38% of people convicted of breaking the drug laws are African American. Moreover, people who break drug laws of equal magnitude are given different sentences. Person who is convicted of being in possession of powder cocaine get a sentence that is 100 times lesser than those convicted of powder cocaine. These inequalities in the justice problem have been slowing down the efforts to overcome ethnic inequalities among other inequalities found in the society. It is not possible to completely eradicate racism in the population if the justice system which is supposed to safeguards the rights of all people regardless of their color, age or gender continues to practice these inequalities (Tonry, 2008: 238). This paper discusses whether having tougher laws would be successful in dealing with the existing inequalities. Literature review Different surveys have shown that the criminal justice system in American has continued to be structurally discriminative against the poor, minority and poorly educated persons. The Home office national survey conducted in 1991 show that the prison population is very different from the normal population. Another survey has also shown an overrepresentation of people with drug problems and mental disorders. This research showed that 38% of the prison population had a problem related to drug dependency while 25% were reported to have a mental problem. It is good to understand whether these discrepancies are as a result of there being inequalities in operations of the criminal system or that it originates from somewhere else. This can be done by conducting self reporting studies. In one recent survey conducted by the home security on youth and crime reveals that there was a widespread criminal activity among the you ng people. A self-reporting survey was conducted to investigate into this issue and it was found that the gender difference in offense was very small and did not reflect the conviction rates. It is thus evident that more young males got convicted for crimes while the females were not hunted down by the law despite the fact that they also committed the same

Westward Hilton Hotel Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Westward Hilton Hotel - Case Study Example Credit acquiring rules had increased the capital cost making it difficult for buyers to get the loan and acquire the property. In Phoenix market also the supply was increasing and demand to reduce. This means that the customers were declining and this could be as a result of United Stated recession (Cathy, 2009). In choosing to retain the hotel in the portfolio the organization could face some consequences. The hotel business was declining through the rest of portfolio was operating effectively (Cathy, 2009). This means that in keeping the hotel in the portfolio, income from other portfolios will be used to support the hotel business. If the hotel is not generating profit or enough income to cater for expenses like wages, power then it means money will be outsourced from another portfolio to cater for the expenses. This will lead to the collapse of all portfolios if the hotel will not peek in a short period of time (Chen and Clarke, 2007). Question Three Some of the Hillers general b usiness and human resources strategies are compatible while others are not compatible. Green focused on removing the obstacles or things which hindered the business from progressing. Buying of the undervalued properties can sometimes lead to the loss. Hiller can fail to obtain a buyer due to raising in the loan interests. If the organization does not get a buyer for some time, it may lack capital for future operations. The human resource strategies currently in place are compatible with training is offered to employees.

Can U.K. be Described as a Homogeneous Society Essay

Can U.K. be Described as a Homogeneous Society - Essay Example The rise of industrialization, with its drawing of people into slums in large towns and cities contributed to a new set of cultural distinctions based on class, and in turn on politics, with the emergence of Labour and Tory ideologies with their focus on the interests of working and middle classes respectively. These distinctions have been eroded, somewhat, with the rise of New Labour, and the dilemmas that all advanced capitalists states face when expansion no longer seems achievable or even appropriate. Class distinctions have shifted from the defining domain of work, to that of popular culture. The media feed multiple new sub-cultures, based on tastes in clothes, music, lifestyle, entertainment etc. The influence on the media on culture is, however , not without its problems. One effect is to cater for a highly commercialised product which is targeted at maximum coverage. This is so much commercial output is commodified to the point where it appears unoriginal. Recent empirical in vestigations of the actual perceptions of people in all regions of the UK, as opposed to popular myths suggest, however, that ancient assumptions about such distinctions as race and class may no longer hold in quite the way that people imagine. The idea, much vaunted by some, that the political culture in Scotland is fundamentally different than in England, for example, has turned out not to be well founded in fact: â€Å"despite all the very plausible reasons why Scots should be different, our comprehensive comparisons suggested far more similarity than difference between those who live in Scotland and those who live in the rest of Britain.† (Miller et al., 1996, p. 369) The strands of culture that divide people are no longer based so much upon indigenous peoples, but along grounds of class, politics, gender, religion and any number of other features. In his interesting analysis of the way government and politics have developed in Britain, John Kingdom traces the countryâ₠¬â„¢s journey in the last hundred years or so from being a force of world capitalism, governing an empire consisting of many colonies in far corners of the world, to its present position as a former colonial master, still dealing with the aftermath of empire, and failing to find a comfortable position in relation to the emerging consellation of powers on the European mainland. Concepts such as the once splendid â€Å"sceptered isle† (Kingdom, 2004, p. 87) and the â€Å"Rule Britannia† complacency of previous ages no longer apply in a world which is increasingly inter-connected. The process of globalisation changes the way that people relate to both space and time, bringing distant matters close, and speeding up all the communication and trading processes that underpin the world economy. John Kingdom points out that the United Kingdom can no longer take for granted a privileged position as driver of these changes, and is now entering into a period of decline. The geogra phical island situation which was once interpreted as a distinctive and ennobling feature, becomes something much more akin to isolation or even exclusion, as the British Prime minister recently discovered during European finance negotiations. In an entirely different domain, the transition from a position of dealing with

Information on the Indian American community in new york Essay

Information on the Indian American community in new york - Essay Example They had larger households. 4 percent of the Indian population was senior citizens, numbering 7,787. â€Å"Most Indian immigrants in New York City came to the United States in the last 20 years.† â€Å"Indians in the city obtained citizenship faster than foreign-born New Yorkers as a whole.† â€Å"The vast majority of Indian children in the city (86 percent, or 35,688) were enrolled in the New York City public school system, exceeding 79 percent of all New York City children.† Other groups living near with whom the Indian American population has interaction are, Chinese Americans, Koreans, Irish Americans, Italian Americans, African and Americans and Native Americans. Since New York City is the commercial hub, healthy interactions exist amongst the different ethnicities. Your will find doctors, bankers, engineers amongst Indian Americans. The percentage of Indian Americans that engage in criminal activities is nil. They are also in business, and hotel industry and export and import trade. Some of the Indian Americans occupy top posts in the Democratic Government of America. Globalization has provided new impetus for active interaction between different

Can U.K. be Described as a Homogeneous Society Essay

Can U.K. be Described as a Homogeneous Society - Essay Example The rise of industrialization, with its drawing of people into slums in large towns and cities contributed to a new set of cultural distinctions based on class, and in turn on politics, with the emergence of Labour and Tory ideologies with their focus on the interests of working and middle classes respectively. These distinctions have been eroded, somewhat, with the rise of New Labour, and the dilemmas that all advanced capitalists states face when expansion no longer seems achievable or even appropriate. Class distinctions have shifted from the defining domain of work, to that of popular culture. The media feed multiple new sub-cultures, based on tastes in clothes, music, lifestyle, entertainment etc. The influence on the media on culture is, however , not without its problems. One effect is to cater for a highly commercialised product which is targeted at maximum coverage. This is so much commercial output is commodified to the point where it appears unoriginal. Recent empirical in vestigations of the actual perceptions of people in all regions of the UK, as opposed to popular myths suggest, however, that ancient assumptions about such distinctions as race and class may no longer hold in quite the way that people imagine. The idea, much vaunted by some, that the political culture in Scotland is fundamentally different than in England, for example, has turned out not to be well founded in fact: â€Å"despite all the very plausible reasons why Scots should be different, our comprehensive comparisons suggested far more similarity than difference between those who live in Scotland and those who live in the rest of Britain.† (Miller et al., 1996, p. 369) The strands of culture that divide people are no longer based so much upon indigenous peoples, but along grounds of class, politics, gender, religion and any number of other features. In his interesting analysis of the way government and politics have developed in Britain, John Kingdom traces the countryâ₠¬â„¢s journey in the last hundred years or so from being a force of world capitalism, governing an empire consisting of many colonies in far corners of the world, to its present position as a former colonial master, still dealing with the aftermath of empire, and failing to find a comfortable position in relation to the emerging consellation of powers on the European mainland. Concepts such as the once splendid â€Å"sceptered isle† (Kingdom, 2004, p. 87) and the â€Å"Rule Britannia† complacency of previous ages no longer apply in a world which is increasingly inter-connected. The process of globalisation changes the way that people relate to both space and time, bringing distant matters close, and speeding up all the communication and trading processes that underpin the world economy. John Kingdom points out that the United Kingdom can no longer take for granted a privileged position as driver of these changes, and is now entering into a period of decline. The geogra phical island situation which was once interpreted as a distinctive and ennobling feature, becomes something much more akin to isolation or even exclusion, as the British Prime minister recently discovered during European finance negotiations. In an entirely different domain, the transition from a position of dealing with

Supervision within the educationonal system Article

Supervision within the educationonal system - Article Example The participants were all from the Yorkshire region. There were a number of overarching insights the writers drew from these telephone interviews, relating to what constitutes effective supervision. The most prevailing trend among the professionals interviewed was the central primacy of ‘direct supervision’. When questioned about what constitutes ineffective supervision, however, the educational professionals that were interviewed expressed many divergent opinions on what constitutes ineffective supervision. It seems the major division in these regards is between individuals who believe that the major areas in terms of ineffective supervision is inadequate supervision; conversely, there are a number of individuals who believe that ineffective supervision is a result of a lack of direct supervision. It finally indicates that there is a need for increased training programs to ensure effective supervision. This article was enlightening as it presented the paradigm of direct supervision and highlighted its primacy as central to the supervision process. It also made me realize the importance of training to adequate supervision. While a number of individuals indicated that direct supervision was primary, this may be because of their administrative role. In all it’s clear that inadequate supervision is an important concept that demands further investigation. The education article under examination is Clifford, Macy, Albi, et al.’s A Model of Clinical Supervision for Preservice Professionals in Early Intervention and Early Childhood Special Education. Similar to the previous article examined that proposed a Synergistic Model of Multicultural Supervision, this article proposes a model wherein preservice professionals can learn a progressive model of supervision that can be applied to their work in early intervention and early childhood special education. The model they describe has been employed to train professionals at the University of Oregon for

Effective and Ineffective Forms of Feedback Essay Example for Free

Effective and Ineffective Forms of Feedback Essay The purpose of providing feedbacks, especially within the academic landscape, is to help learners improve their learning styles and overall character as a means of facilitating learning through the implementation of evaluation or assessment. (Hernandez, 2005) The feedback is drawn from the process of assessing the learning styles and behaviors, as well as the results or outcomes of learning in order to determine what changes are needed to be done in order to improve the teaching-learning process and increase the rate of learning and application of obtained knowledge, skills, and competencies. (â€Å"Testing and Assessment,† 2008) However, although feedbacks are structured in order to harness positive results and outcomes, the undesirable nature of feedbacks might be ineffective in motivating enviable and expected changes in learners. There are two kinds of feedback – the constructive and destructive types of feedback. The constructive types of feedback are those that fuel or motivate desirable changes whether on the part of the learner or the professor or the teacher. Constructive or effective types of feedback are those that realize the purpose of feedback and assessment, and that is to improve the learning process. These kinds of feedback should be motivating and inspiring, and not disheartening or threatening. They could be in the form of encouraging words that are kind but honest at the same time. Moreover, they should be balanced and rational, eliminating bias or any other subjective thoughts regarding the assessment. For instance, effective feedback constitute both the positive and negative results of assessments, and the amplification of excellent skills and characters, and the reiteration of the need to make some changes in order to improve or eliminate negative results of the assessment. (â€Å"Feedback Principles,† 2006) Other forms of feedback that are constructive or effective are best facilitated through a dialogue or two-way communication. In this way, there is a polite and respectful exchange of questions or ideas from which the conclusions are determined for the changes that the learner should be overcoming. Establishing a non-hostile dialogue between the teacher and the learner not only allows two-way communication, but also helps in establishing desirable relationships that might be beneficial in eliminating tensions that might interfere with one’s motivations in learning. (â€Å"Ideas on Teaching,† 2008) Ineffective forms of feedback, on the other hand, are harsh or hostile ones which do not encourage or motivate learners to improve their learning styles, behaviors, and points of view. For instance, the inclusion of the grades or ratings in providing feedback may not be the best idea since it creates stress and pressure on the part of the learners that may not contribute to their development of their learning styles and behaviors. In addition, feedback should not be provided through tangible objects such as rewards for good feedback or punishments for bad feedbacks since improvements or developments may not arise from their innate desires to enrich their knowledge and skills but to receive rewards and avoid punishments. (Hernandez, 2005) Overall, the difference between effective and ineffective feedbacks lies on the results or outcomes on the learning styles and behaviors of learners. Effective feedbacks are those that are delivered honestly, directly, and thoughtfully considering logic and rationality and as well as motivations as part of the learners’ emotions. On the other hand, ineffective feedback are those that hinder improvements or developments as they discourage learners to make changes due to the stress and pressure that they feel from undesirable forms of feedbacks. Due to the importance of feedback in facilitating learning, academic institutions should look into the possibilities of improving the assessment and feedback processes in order to ensure that the results or outcomes of these processes will lead to the enhancement of learning and the application of these knowledge and skills. References â€Å"Feedback Principles. † (2006). Retrieved December 13, 2008, from The National Reform School Faculty. Website: http://www. nsrfharmony. org/protocol/doc/feedback_principles. pdf Hernandez, A. (2005). Formative Assessment and Feedback. Retrieved December 13, 2008, from The Encyclopedia of Educational Technology. Website: http://coe. sdsu. edu/eet/articles/formeval/index. htm â€Å"Ideas on Teaching. † (1999). Retrieved December 13, 2008, from University of Oklahoma. Website: http://www. ou. edu/pii/tips/ideas/feedback2. html â€Å"Testing and Assessment. † (2008). Retrieved December 13, 2008, from The Virginia Commonwealth University. Website: http://www. vcu. edu/cte/resources/tlc/4_3_role_of_assessment. htm

The Symptoms Of Dementia Health And Social Care Essay

The Symptoms Of Dementia Health And Social Care Essay Dementia is a group of symptoms affecting intellectual and social abilities, severely enough to interfere with daily functioning. It is caused by conditions or changes in the brain. Dementia is the loss of mental functions such as thinking, memory, and reasoning that interferes with a persons daily life and activities, Different types of dementia exist, depending on the cause. Alzheimers disease is the most common type. Dementia is a loss of the mind, it could be static which results from global brain injury or it could be progressive which results in long term decline in cognitive function (Hopkins). Dementia indicates problems with at least two brain functions, such as memory loss along with impaired judgment or language. Dementia has never been known to be a disease but a group of symptoms that causes diseases and conditions, some symptoms are changes in personality, mood, and behavior. Dementia can make someone confused and unable to remember the names and important people in the ir lives like the name of children, husband, sisters and brothers. Some cases of dementia can be treated or cured because the cause is treatable, like dementia caused by substance abuse e.g. street drugs, alcohol, controlled substances, dementia caused by severe depression. This is known as pseudo-dementia (false dementia) and is treatable. In most cases, a true dementia cannot be cured, because of some causes that are curable and partially treated; doctors must be thorough in making the decisions so as not to miss potentially treatable conditions. The frequency of treatable causes of dementia is believed to be about 10 % (WebMD 2010). Dementia is classified as cortical or sub cortical depending on the area that is affected. Cortical dementia affects the cerebral cortex or the outer layer of the brain; the cortex is a sheet of neural tissue that is outermost to the cerebrum of the mammalian brain. It plays a key role in memory, attention, thinking, awareness, consciousness and langu age.it could lead to problems with memory, thinking, and language, difficulty comprehending written or spoken material. Subcortical dementia results from dysfunction in the other brain areas below the cortex; it is the portion of the brain immediately below the cerebral cortex, this is a categorized dementia which can also bring about memory loss, degradation in thinking ability as well as changes in movement and emotions (Hopkins 2010). There are some related Dementia; Mild cognitive impairment is a transition stage between the cognitive decline of normal aging and the more serious problems caused by Alzheimers disease. This disorder can affect the language, writing and reading and could probably cause memory loss. Vascular dementia is the form of dementia that the condition is more than one; it is a group of syndromes relating to different vascular mechanisms. It is preventable and the early detection and an accurate diagnosis are important. Mixed dementia is a condition in which Alzheimers disease and vascular dementia occur at the same time, Dementia with Lewy body is a progressive declined disease or syndrome of the brain with several diseases, especially with two common diseases of older adults, Alzheimers and Parkinsons. Parkinson disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that often impairs the sufferers motor skills, speech, and other functions, Huntington disease, it is a genetically p rogrammed degeneration of nerve cells in certain areas of the brain. This degeneration causes uncontrolled movements, loss of intellectual faculties, and emotional disturbance. Creutzfeldt-jacob disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare, degenerative, neurological disorder that is invariably fatal and incurable. Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a condition in which there is too much cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles. This occurs when the natural system for draining and absorbing extra cerebrospinal fluid does not work right. Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome is a neurological disorder that could be acute or chronic which is caused by the deficiency in the B vitamin thiamine, Frontotemporal dementia is a degenerative condition of the part of the brain it is a clinical syndrome caused by degeneration of the frontal lobe of the brain and may extend back to the temporal lobe, It is one of three syndromes caused by frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Dementia has lots of symptoms and all varies depending on the cause, the common ones are memory loss, difficulty in performing activities of daily living, inappropriate behavior, aggitation, personality changes, difficulty with coordination and motor function. Dementia can be diagnoses in different ways; the doctor determines the kind of test, it is important for the doctors to rule out the curable dementia, like depression, normal pressure hydrocephalus, or vitamin B12 deficiency which can cause the same symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for the patient. The different ways of diagnosing is autopsy to confirm or refine the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, the patient history so as to help the doctor rule out some conditions, physical examination to help the doctor rule out the treatable and curable cause of dementia and identify some other illness in the body which and coincide with dementia, neurological examination to assess the sensory neuron and motor neuron, especially reflexes to determi ne if the nervous system is functioning and to determine a movement disorder or stroke that may affect the patients diagnosis, lab test to rule out some symptoms like kidney failure that could contribute to the cause of dementia, the test includes complete blood count, urinalysis, blood glucose test, cerebrospinal fluid analysis etc. Brain scan to detect abnormalities of the brain the size of 5 mm and larger, it can also be used by doctors to identify stroke, tumor or other problems that causes dementia, there are different kinds of brain scan which are, computed tomography (CT) which combines special x-ray equipment with complicated computers to produce multiple images or pictures of the inside of the brain. These images of the area being studied can then be examined on a computer monitor, printed or transferred to a CD and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used in radiology to visualize detailed internal structure and limited function of the body. Psychiatric evaluation used to det ermine there is depression including sad, hopeless or worthless, or another form of psychiatric disorder which may be contributing to the symptoms of dementia, and presymptomatic testing is used when no treatment available stands in contrast to genetic testing done for the diagnosis of the dementia (White). There is no specific treatment for dementia; the treatment is to treat the cause. Patient with dementia needs to be under the supervision of medical care to focus on the quality care, medication and treatments such as therapy, and family members to help in activities of daily living, and to help the patient cope with many challenges. The goal of treatment is to control the symptoms of the disease; some patient might be hospitalized for a short period of time. The available drugs that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved to determine the treatment of behavioral disorder in patient with dementia is antipsychotic medication which includes, Risperdal, Seroquel, Zyprexa and Abilify, they are used to reduce the psychotic symptoms of dementia and allow the patient to function effective and appropriately (FDA 2005). Drugs for treatment of dementia should be avoided unless they are really necessary, before any of these drugs are prescribed doctors make sure the patient is physicall y healthy, comfortable and well taken care of. Some symptoms that also be treated is when patient is pain, have problems with sight and have difficulty hearing, all this can make patient more confused and increase their vulnerability. It is essential for patients to take the drugs exactly as prescribed to make it effective, but if the symptoms are not controlled the doctor may refer the patient to a specialist for further advice. There are some possible side effects of these drugs that may worsen the symptoms which are muscle stiffness, tremor, anemia, depression, heart failure, infection, nutritional disorder, hypoxia and abnormal movements, which must be listed on the drug guide. The doctor usually starts the medication with low dose and gradually increase the dose until the desired outcome is achieved. It is important to inform the doctor about any other drug that the patient is taking to avoid contraindications and once treatment is established it is important to review it regul arly. In most cases these drugs should not be prescribed for more than three months and patient should not assume that if the has been proved to be effective does not mean it is going to be effective on them. There are some more drugs that can be prescribed which are mood stabilizer (citalopram, fluoxetine, and imipramine), stimulant (methylphenidate) and serotonin affecting drugs (trazodone, buspirone), information on how to take this drugs must be provided by the doctor or pharmacist. What is Alzheimer? Alzheimers disease is a brain disorder named after German physician Alois Alzheimer, who first described it in 1906 Alzheimers, it is irreversible, slowly progressive disease of the brain that is characterized by impairment of memory and eventually by disturbances in reasoning, planning, language, perception memory and thinking skills, and even the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. It is cited as number one mental health among people age 60 and the risk goes up as you get older. The risk is also higher if a family member has had the disease. Alzheimer is a progressive disorder that starts in the brain in the area that involves thought, memory and language. It is characterized by the stage of increasing impairment and dependency (alz.org2010). People with Alzheimer disease may have trouble remembering things that happened recently or names of people. The earliest sign of Alzheimer disease is behavior such as suspiciousness and a thought process heavily influenced by anxiety or fear, often to the point of irrationality and delusion, angry, outburst, withdrawal. Over the time the symptoms of Alzheimer gets worse, they tends to forget how to speak, write, read, brush their teeth, comb their hair and even forget family members this might make them aggressive, wander around, and get stressed. The cause of Alzheimer disease is unknown but lots of factors have been explored. There is no single test that can detect Alzheimer but the disease is diagnosed by some symptoms, some findings on neurological examination and some result from diagnostic test. The tests show the possible sign and symptoms. The pathological hallmark associated with Alzheimers disease is amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid is found between nerve cells in the brain. Amyloids are insoluble fibrous protein aggregates sharing specific structural traits that the body produces normally, in an healthy brain the amyloid are broken and diminishes but in an Alzheimers disease the amyloi d form hard and insoluble plaques. Neurofibrillary tangles are also found in the brain of Alzheimer disease patients, this is the accumulation of twisted protein filaments within neurons of the cerebral cortex; a characteristic pathological feature found in the brains of Alzheimers disease patients. In Alzheimers disease, there is an overall shrinkage of brain tissue and theories have proved that there is no cure for it. The part of the brain called sulci are widened while the part called gyri shrunk. The ventricle that contains the cerebrospinal fluid is enlarged. The disease Alzheimer is affecting over 5.3 millions of Americans; it cost over $148 billion annually to take care of an Alzheimers patient (Alazraki). In the early stages of Alzheimers disease, the short-term memory begins to fade, when the cells in the brain begins to diminishes, the ability to perform routine tasks declines. As Alzheimers disease spreads through the cerebral cortex judgment declines, emotional outbursts may occur and language is impaired. As the disease progresses, more nerve cells die, leading to changes in behavior, such as wandering and agitation. In the final stages of the disease, people may lose the ability to recognize faces and communicate; they normally cannot control bodily functions and require constant care. Physicians discuss with the patient and family which tests are most appropriate to establish the correct diagnosis but there is no test that diagnose Alzheimer disease, but the disease is diagnosed by the symptoms, firstly patients have to complete a physical examination to rule out some symptoms, the patient the patient mental status and neuropsychological will be assessed to determine which thinking and memory function may be affected. The patient may have a psychiatric assessment to rule out some mental illness and depression. The patient may be asked to do a brain scan (MRI, CT scan, and PET scan) to help detect signs and symptoms of stroke that can bring changes to the structure of brain associated with thinking. Blood test may be ordered to check for infection, kidney and liver function, electrolyte level, thyroid disorder and other factors that can cause memory loss. Other tests that sometimes provide important diagnostic information include electroencephalogram (EEG), urine t ests, and tests on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained by a lumbar puncture. The possible drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are tacrine which should be taken on an empty stomach, one hour before, or two hours after meals. If stomach upset occurs, it may be taken with meals; however, food can decrease tacrine blood levels significantly. The possible side effect of this drug is diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, muscle ache and loss of appetite. Donepezil is expected to delay the onset of Alzheimer disease for about one year in people suffering from mild cognitive impairment; it belongs to a class of drugs called cholinesterase inhibitors, it inhibits acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme responsible for the destruction of one neurotransmitter, acetylcholine. The possible side effects associated with this drug include headache, generalized pain, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, weight loss, dizziness, muscle cramping, joint pain, diarrhea, insomnia, and increased frequency of urination. Namenda was actually prescribed for moderate to severe stage Alzheimer disease but now is being prescribed even in earlier stages of the disease, Namenda is an orally active receptor antagonist that regulates the activity of glumate in the brain. Cholinesterase inhibitors are used to treat cognitive functions and behavioral symptoms in Lewy body disease. Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant, it is generally considered to be among the long-acting benzodiazepines and Opiate drugs used to relieve pain. Antipsychotic drugs not approved by FDA are sometimes used to treat agitation include, Risperidone Benzodiazepines and drugs such as Olanzapine , Quetiapine , Ziprasadone .The drugs increase the risk of death in elderly patients and the side effects include sedation, confusion and increased muscle tone. CITATION Charles L. White, Autopsy for dementia 2010 Croft, Harry. Psychiatric medication medication for mental illness http://www.healthplace.com/otherinfo/psychiatric-disorder-definations/medication. 5 may 2010 Alazraki, Melly. Nothing you can do will help daily finance 5/01/10. 11.00am http://www.dailyfinance.com/story/nih-on-alzheimer-much/19460466/mellyalazraki Hopkins, John. Special Report. 7thth ed. New York: new York Times, 2009. Print. Kesner, Julian. Three new dementia fighters. Prevention Jan. 2009: 104. Professional Collection. Web. 04 May, 2010 Webmd.com 2010

Wal-Mart: Good for American Cities and Towns Essay -- Business Analysi

Wal-Mart has been a staple of America since July 2, 1962, when Sam Walton opened the first Wal-Mart Discount City store. Within a few years, Wal-Mart Discount City stores began to spread across the country. In 1968, it opened its first stores outside Arkansas, in Sikeston, Missouri and Claremore, Oklahoma. Sam Walton found success in offering consumers options and variety. Since that first store opened, Wal-Mart has now entered the grocery business and now the company controls about 20% of the retail grocery and consumables business. This says a lot about a man who began his retail career after working just 18 months at J.C Penny. Sam Walton found success early on with offering variety, and options when no one else was. Consumers want more for their dollar and Wal-Mart has centered their focus on this idea, and has not apologized for that fact. In fact, Wal-Mart’s sole existence relies on the consumers search for the lowest priced goods. Wal-Mart has transferred itself from a simple variety store into Wal-Mart Supercenter and has other chains which include Wal-Mart Neighborhood Market and Sam’s Club. Wal-Mart Inc. has found a way to offer options to the consumer not classically offered in grocery. By offering options such as an optical center, one-hour photo processing lab, Tire & Lube Express, and even in some cases hair and nail salons, pet shops, and pharmacies, Wal-Mart has taken steps to break the mold and offer consumers options that other stores cannot and has done a good job at that. With these types of options you could be in a Wal-Mart Superstore for hours and complete all of your afternoon shopping. This idea isn’t lost on Wal-Mart Inc., now offering the ability to get a money order from the ATM shows also why Wa... ...s prices gasoline cheaper then local competitors. Wal-Mart also has donated more than $1.5 million national BackPack Program, The Nation’s Food Bank Network will deliver backpacks filled with nutritious, protein-rich food to school children in need. With the money raised thousands of backpacks filled with much needed food for school children to take home. It has helped to rasie funds and build awarness it the problem of hunger, with a â€Å"Be A Part Of The Solution To End Hunger† campaign. Wal-Mart Inc has done a great job at bringing together what is local to the area and what isn’t and bringing to many small towns. So when a Wal-Mart stands up, it isn’t just Wal-Mart Inc who benefit, but the community. REFERENCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wal-Mart http://walmartwatch.com/ www.walmartfacts.com/ http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/77/walmart.html

The Broken Calabash of the North

The Jos crisis and its dimension have punctured the legal fiction often referred to as ‘One North’ in Nigeria. The idea that the North is one big united and indivisible family with a common identity, shared beliefs and single collective future is not only patently fallacious but is based on a dangerous hypocrisy and make-believe by only a few who are the benefactors of this myth. The one big family (the North) if it ever existed at all, is now a divided house; a broken calabash that cannot be repaired. It is a delusion that would not go away because it suits the interests of both the Muslim North and their deluded counterparts in the Middle Belt who are obsessed with enhancing their bargaining clout within Nigeria’s competitive ethno-regionalism. In reality, it is a dude cheque in political terms; a marriage of convenience that died a long time ago, even though the couple are still going through the motions and self belief that their marriage is still holding. It is crucially important that we come to terms with the honest truth; recognizing our differences and learning how we might live side-by-side in mutual respect and tolerance. The Muslim North has a heritage rooted in the traditions of Jihad and the Caliphate. The Christian Middle Belt has an identity anchored on Christianity and resistance. The peoples of the Middle Belt are what they are today because they were never conquered by Jihad and never subscribed to enslavement by the Caliphate and its feudal powers. The fact that we all speak the Hausa language is neither here nor there. According to the Muslim narrative, Northerners are the heirs to an illustrious heritage rooted in Jihad and the Caliphate. They belong to a global Muslim Ummah in which the Nigerian branch is one of the largest on the African continent. They have had a tradition of learning and rulership that is probably unequalled in the annals of the Western Sudan. The British colonialists subjugated the North in a manner that benefitted Christians and Western imperialist interests, blocking the southward march of Islam. In the light of the global Islamic resurgence, the traditions of Jihad have to be reinvented to meet the needs of the twenty-first century. Western secularism and materialism have shown themselves to be highly discredited. Muslims have had to be vigilant in defending their honour and their values from assault by Western imperialism as represented by the twin evils of Zionism and American neoconservative reaction. Muslims must assert their identity wherever they are. Believing themselves to constitute an overall numerical majority in Nigeria, they do not see why they should not have a free hand to remake the country in their own image after their own thoughts, ideology and way of life. Muslims in Nigeria have always use political power as the trump card that they have to sustain them in political leadership and once in power, they must use that opportunity to defend the Northern Islamic interest, however defined. They see nothing amiss in dominating all strategic government positions from local, state and national levels. Equal status is not accorded Christians with their Muslim counterpart in far Northern States. Churches are barely tolerated and are seen as a menace. Christian preaching is seen as a source of irritation or provocation. The Shari’a law is embraced by the Northern States as a counter to the growing missionary activity of the Church. The Almajiri system is nurtured as a potential army to be deployed when Christians need to be ‘taught a lesson’. And when the ‘lesson’ is being taught, the victim is expected to ‘turn the other cheek’ according to what their holy Book supposedly teaches. And if they choose to retaliate, it is ‘genocide’. In the Middle Belt, Christians see things differently. They believe they have always endeavoured to live in harmony with their Muslim neighbours, although it is doubtful if the Muslims feel the same goodwill towards them. The persecution of Christians and the torching of churches has become an annual ritual in most northern states since the 1980s. Many of these attacks are random in character, mostly unexplained and unprovoked. Even more ominous is the fact that they often occur with the tacit knowledge if not connivance, of some of the most influential elements within the North and in the corridors of power. The Global Jihad The Middle Belt has been at the receiving end of a long Global Jihad for years now. The Islamisation policies of Sardauna which were fiercely resisted by the Middle Belt States have continued to re-surface through various means and approaches employed by the Hausa/Fulani Jihadists. Even today, under the current democratic dispensation, army postings, police postings despite denials in certain quarters, are being reshaped in accordance with the whims and caprices of Northern hegemony. As I write this article, presently in Plateau State, 8 key police officers are Muslims i. ; Police Commissioner, Deputy Police Commissioner, ACP C. I. D, C. S. P. Admin, OC C. I. B, OC MOPOL, OC General Investigation, and STF Commander. One wonders why there will be such kind of postings in a predominantly Christian population and yet in Kano, Bauchi, Borno, Katsina, Sokoto etc such an opposite postings cannot take place. The questionable and controversial roles of people like the former Army Chief, Gene ral Abdulrahman Bello Dambazau and Major-General Saleh Maina, Commanding Officer, 3 Division, on the Jos crisis leaves much to be desired. When the outcry was loud, Major-General Saleh Maina had to be changed. While he served as the GOC of the 3rd Division Nigerian Army Jos, he was in full control of the Special Task Force whom was answerable to him on a daily basis. A new GOC who is a Christian was posted but he was short changed in his responsibilities by the outgoing GOC as the Special Task Force is removed from his desk and a Muslim Commander appointed to give them direction. This maneuvers show that something sinister is happening perpetrated by our so call big brothers from the North. These Northern brothers have certainly shown themselves to be untrustworthy as far as the people of the Plateau and indeed the Middle Belt are concerned. If we were together as a non-divisible North, they would have protected the calamities being witnessed in Jos, Tafawa Balewa and Benue where gross killings have been perpetrated by Muslims of recent. It is also instructive that just before the outbreak of violence in Jos, a mysterious order came from Abuja transferring all Plateau State indigenes serving in the Nigerian Police Force out of the State. With the benefit of hindsight, it has been gathered this was a malicious move to unleash terror on the Plateau people. The attempt to subjugate and humiliate the peoples of the Middle Belt is nothing new. Our northern Pharaohs had always ensured that the region was always marginalised in terms of location of industries, political appointments and development projects. When it comes to representation at the Federal centre, the Middle Belt region always plays second fiddle to the Muslim North in the scheme of things. Today, you are unlikely to find anyone from the Middle Belt holding a senior cabinet position in any important department of government. Even when you find it, these are mere errand officers for the Pharoahs. This is in keeping faith with the clarion call by Sir Ahmadu Bello (The Sardauna of Sokoto) at Nigeria’s independence as quoted In the Parot Newspaper of 12 October 1960 when he said: â€Å"The new nation called Nigeria should be an Estate of our great grandfather Othman Dan Fodio. We must ruthlessly prevent a change of power. We use the Minorities in North as willing tools and the south as a conquered territory and never allow them to rule over us and never allow them to have control over their future†. Northern leaders continue to pay lip-service to the ‘One North’ myth, but we know that their definition does not include us in the Middle Belt. Middle Belt leaders are largely to blame for pandering to this empty, nauseating charade. They have lost the vision bequeathed to us by such heroes as Joseph Sarwuan Tarka, Jolly Tanko Yusuf, Rev. David Lot and Patrick Dokotri. And we have all but forgotten the arduous sacrifices they made so that our people would have a more dignified future. The Broken Calabash Looking at these events, clearly, the so called â€Å"one North† calabash is broken. Instead of trying to mend it, now is the time for the Middle Belt to look toward forging new and alternative strategic alliances that will respect and recognize our identity, strength and abilities. It is an act of foolishness, cowardice and immaturity to continue to persist in the illusion of ‘One North’ when we are getting absolutely nothing out of it. The Middle Belt has enough manpower, land and natural resources to stand the test of time. With our rich and fertile soils, credible leaders and a persistent people, we have all it takes to have a separate identity other than the Northern mythology. What all this boils down to is that we must look elsewhere in seeking the explanatory variables for the persistence of violence and instability in the Middle Belt. We are led, inevitably, to the question of religion and Jihad. The Middle Belt people have borne more than their fair share of sacrifice to keep Nigeria together. In peace as in war, there are few to equal the likes of Yakubu Gowon, Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma, Domkat Bali, Gibson Sanda Jallo and several others who fought to keep this nation together. Our people are known to be God-fearing, chivalrous, accommodating and patriotic. Those who have married our women have found them to be virtuous and hardworking. We are the heart of Nigeria. This country would not have continued to exist as a corporate entity were it not for the sacrifices made by the Middle Belt people. The antics of the Jihadists have been familiar to us since the days of the Sardauna. Their trademark is deceit. Through the abuse of ‘geopolitical zoning’, they have ensured that whenever any opportunity arises for the North, it will always go to a Northern Muslim. Their definition of the North does not include us. While Christians are the majority in Nasarawa, Kaduna, Niger and Adamawa, they have never ruled those states except for fate that made Kaduna to be governed presently by a Christian. Because of their ‘success’ in subjugating our people, the Jihadists are frustrated that they cannot take over the Plateau or other Middle Belt States through their subtle plans, hence the resort to violence. We are told in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart by Okonkwo that if a man defecates in your compound, the manly thing to do is to take a stick and break his head. If the Jihadists expect people to lie back and relax while they kill rape and maim our women and children, then they must think again. It’s over and cannot be tolerated. One thing that is clear from the continued scenario and hooliganism of the Hausa North is that the Islamic fascists do not cherish human life the way normal people do. While the Christian cherished love, they believe in violence and the rule of fear. Force being the sole language they understand, we must be prepared to give as much as we receive. While the Federal Government which controls the police and the army seems compromised and a lackluster to defend our people in the Middle Belt, we are left with no option than to defend ourselves. And if disproportionate force is what is needed to dissuade the Jihadists, then disproportionate force it must be. We are no longer in doubt about how well we have read the enemy and understood his antics. By now, we know how his mind works and how he operates – his terror antics, the mischief, the surprise nature of his life and tricks are all but clear to us. Of course, violence cannot be said to be the ultimate. The Bible urges us to seek peace and to pursue it. Muslims, too, are children of God. None of us enjoys taking the life of any child of God. But there is a time for war and a time for peace (Eccl. 3: 3, 5, 8). God the Son is a God of love; but the God of Joshua and Aaron is also a flaming fire. There comes a time when you must stop praying and act; when you must defend your family, your children, and your land. Such, alas, are the times in which we live. The Jihadists always have somewhere else to go to; we have nowhere to go, hemmed in as we are in the geometrical centre of the Nigerian Federation. With all manner of imported arms and mercenaries arrayed against us, and with military chieftains who leave us in no doubt as to where they stand, it is Jehovah nissi alone that will defend us. And if some of us should fall, the Angel of the Lord will fight for us. Our children will rush forth to meet the enemy at the gates with horns and trumpets of victory.

Linking instruction Essay

Teaching is always perceived as a straightforward process whereby teachers provide instruction and students learn. With this perspective, teaching is seen as a simple instruction–learning process. In actual practice, it is more realistic to view assessment as an integral component of the teaching process. In fact, it has been estimated that teachers devote at least one-third of their professional time to assessment-related activities (Stiggins & Conklin, 1992). Assessment can and should provide relevant information that both enhances instruction and promotes learning. In other words, there should be a close alignment between theory, instruction and assessment. With this expanded conceptualization of teaching, instruction and assessment are integrally related, with assessment providing objective feedback about what the students have learned, how well they have learned it, how effective the instruction has been, and what information, concepts, and objectives require more attention. Instead of teaching being limited to an instruction–learning process, it is conceptualized more accurately as an instruction–learning–assessment process. For example, a misaligned curriculum, instruction, and assessment had been seen as one factor that led to poor student achievement. In the past, standardized norm-referenced tests, used traditionally for accountability, have only partially aligned with curricular materials and classroom instruction. These conditions obviously result in poor test scores (Burger, n. d. ). Using the standards-led alignment approach, this policy sought to align, integrate, and connect components of schools as systems (e. g. , assessments, curriculum, instruction, and accountability). According to Linn & Herman (1997), standards-led alignment should use local content standards as the focal point to: †¢ foster the use of multiple assessment sources and methods, †¢ describe how classroom and accountability assessment relate to each other, †¢ align accountability and classroom assessment with learner outcomes, and †¢ ensure that teachers and administrators use appropriate forms of assessment, are skilled in interpreting data, can plan for re-teaching activities using data, and can evaluate the impact of specific programs and instructional strategies. To begin the alignment process, Allington and Cunningham (2002) advocated a comprehensive policy review to determine where all system elements connect (e. g. , curriculum, instruction, and leadership). Stiggins and Conklin (1992) illustrated the important role that teachers play in the process of aligning instruction and assessment methods with theory: As a nation, we spend billions of dollars on educational assessment, including hundreds of millions for international and national assessments, and additional hundreds of millions for statewide testing programs. On top of these, the standardized tests that form the basis of district-wide testing programs represent a billion dollar industry. If we total all of these expensive, highly visible, politically important assessments, we still account for less than 1 percent of all the assessments conducted in America’s schools. The other 99 percent are conducted by teachers in their classrooms on a moment-to-moment, day-to-day, and week-to-week basis. In summary, if an educational institution wants to have effective teachers, they needs incorporate in their educational paradigm to link theory in the methods of instruction and assessment. Instruction and assessment are both instrumental parts of the teaching process, and assessment is a major component of a teacher’s day-to-day job. Knowing the connection of these, teachers can obtain information that promotes self-understanding and they will have more ability to help students plan for the future. For example, parents and students can use assessment information to make educational plans and select careers that best match a student’s abilities and interests. References Allington, R. L. , & Cunningham, P. M. (2002). Schools that work: Where All Children Read and Write.Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. Linn, R. , & Herman, J. L. (1997, February). A Policy Maker’s Guide to Standards-Led Assessment. Denver, CO: Education Commission of the States. Burger, D. (n. d. ). Using Standards-Led Policy to Align Assessment and Accountability Systems. Honolulu: Pacific Resources for Education and Learning. Retrieved 2 November 2006 at http://www. prel. org/products/re_/standards-led. htm. Stiggins, R. & Conklin, N. (1992). In Teachers’ Hands: Investigating the Practice of Classroom Assessment. New York: SUNY Press.

Keeping the Family Tradition Alive Essay

I started keeping my family tradition of canning alive last summer. My family has canned for years and there is nothing better than opening up something I have canned on my own and thinking of the people who shared this tradition with me. Traditions are very important to keep going in families around the world. Traditions are very broad anything from what people do on holidays to cooking. My family tradition is very important to me. I knew last year that if I didn’t learn some of my family’s secret recipes while my grandmother and mom are still with us than there would be a chance that my family would never be able to taste the wonderful flavors my family has put together over the years and my family has looked so forward to the taste that we have grown to love. Before I begin canning, I must gather all the materials that I need to get started. The first step is the selection of the tomatoes. I pick all of my tomatoes from my own garden they are so much better than anything from the grocery store. Last year I used better boy tomatoes and roma tomatoes. The roma tomatoes are great to use because they have fewer seeds, thicker, meatier walls and less water. And that means thicker sauce in less cooking time! Also, I don’t want mushy, bruised or rotten tomatoes. Next I remove the tomato skins this is very important. Nothing worse than eating spaghetti and having to chew on a piece of skin left behind. Here’s a trick my grandma taught me: put the tomatoes, a few at a time in a large pot of boiling water for no more than 1 minute. Then I plunge them into a waiting bowl of ice water. This makes the skins slide right off of the tomatoes. If the skins are left on then they become tough and chewy in the sauce, not very pleasant. Now I must remove the seeds and water. After peeling the skins off the tomatoes, I cut the tomatoes in half. I remove the seeds and excess water. I call it the squeeze of the seeds. It is just like it sounds: wash hands then squeeze each tomato and I use my thumb or a spoon to scoop and shake out most of the seeds. I do leave some of the seeds because that is my preference. I toss the squeezed tomatoes into a colander or drainer while I work on the others. By draining the water off now, I end up with a thicker spaghetti sauce in less cooking time. The next step I must do is to get the lids and jars sanitized. The dishwasher is fine for the jars, especially if it has a â€Å"sanitize† cycle. I get that going while I’m preparing everything else, so it’s done by the time I’m ready to fill the jars. While the jars and lids are being sanitized I begin getting that spaghetti sauce going. I take my onions, garlic, basil, oregano, bay leaves, green peppers, lemon juice, salt, pepper, and my burgundy and place them all in the pot first. After I get the onions and pepper a little tender I add all the tomatoes and bring to a simmer. Cook down the tomatoes until the sauce is my desired thickness. I usually let my sauce cook for about two hours. The last step I call canning time. While my sauce is simmering I get my water bath canner ready. I go ahead and feel the water up and get it boiling. I start a small pot of water boiling to put the lids in so that the lids can sanitize and helps the lids seal. When the sauce is ready I place the jar funnel on the jar and I fill them to within ? inch of the top and set the lid and hand ’tighten the ring on. I place the jars in the water bath and cook for about 20mins. I then use the jar grabber and pull the jars out one at a time and let them cool draft-free place. Once the jars are cool, I check that they are sealed verifying that the lid has been sucked down. I press down in the center gently with my finger. If it pops up and down then it is not sealed. If it don’t seal than I just replace the lid and do the canning time again. Now that all the steps are complete, I listen to all the little pings going on telling me that my hard work has paid off. I am so glad that I have learned the family tradition of canning. My grandmother has gotten older and doesn’t can anymore. Out of all my family it is just my mom, Aunt Susan, and myself left doing the canning. It was a nice reward to my sole a few weeks ago when I had my grandmother over for dinner. I had canned some beets and decided that was the day to open them. When my grandmother tried them she said, â€Å"These taste just like mine. † To hear her say that meant so much to me. I couldn’t image not having the taste of what I grew up with because they don’t sell it in the grocery store. This is why I am keeping my family tradition going and teaching my girls. We never know when our love ones are not going to be here anymore. If I can’t have my family with me I at least want to be able to remember them by creating what they have thought me. If people have something in their family that is done by others and would not want to miss it after that person is gone than learn how that special someone does it. I did that’s why I will always have that special connection with canning and my family.

The use of progress monitoring can help provide educators with a Essay

The use of progress monitoring can help provide educators with a valuable tool to improve their own teaching - Essay Example According to Thomas (2010), the several types of assessments used in progress monitoring can provide a substantial amount of information regarding the status of the students’ knowledge, skills and abilities. In the TRI model, progress monitoring serves different functions at each tier as described in the following section. Tier 1 of progress Monitoring: In this tier, progress monitoring procedures serve critical functions. According to Thompson and Morse (2004), proactive assessment is, usually, done at least three times annually and is used as a general screening procedure for all students. In this tier, screening helps to identify vulnerable students by making a comparison of their performance relative to a measure criterion. According to Shane and Mathew (2007), progress monitoring helps to show a student’s performance trend over time and to determine whether the student’s performance is appropriate in the effective curriculum. Tier 2 of Progress Monitoring: Thompson and Morse (2004) posited that the objective of progress monitoring is to gauge the extent to which intervention is effective in assisting learners at an optimum rate. In this tier, timely decisions about student progress are essential for long-term achievement (BEESS, 2008). Progress Monitoring in Special Education: According to Fuchs and Hintze (2006), progress monitoring is also crucial in special education. In the first place, it provides systematic and reliable information which can be used to meet the student’s individual needs (Fuchs and Hintze, 2006). In addition, progress monitoring is a requirement of the individualized education program and provides information about student progress toward short-term objectives and annual goals. There are diverse procedures to progress monitoring employed by teachers for student evaluation. According to BEESS (2008), the two main methods of progress monitoring used are mastery monitoring and general outcome

Response papers Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response papers - Movie Review Example Rain Man is an American drama movie produced in 1988. It narrates the tale of two brothers, one a selfish, abrasive young man (Charlie Babbitt), and the other an autistic savant (Raymond Babbitt). As the tagline states, it is â€Å"a journey through understanding and fellowship† (Internet Movie Database, 2015). Charlie is in the middle of a financial crisis and finds out that his father has died and handed down the multimillion-dollar family estate to his other son. He is only left with his late father’s car and rose bushes. He investigates where the money is directed and discovers it is sent to a mental institution where his brother (whom he never knew) lives. Charlie wants to get control of the money by attempting to become his brother’s legal guardian. They commence on a long trip back to Los Angeles by road and on the way they discover they actually enjoy each other’s company. By the end of the movie, it is evident that Charlie has changed his attitude towards life and love, in general. The main theme expressed by the movie is that people can change to accept the disabled in our society. It also shows that the disabled possess rare abilities, apart from the shortcomings that other people impose on them. For instance, Charlie discovers that Raymond is an autistic savant; he has an excellent memory and amazing mathematical capabilities. The movie is about change. Unlike his elder brother, Raymond, who remains the same throughout the movie, Charlie transforms from the self-centered young man to one who loves those close to him and sees things from their perspective. The plot shows that the problem lies not in the disabled but the society. The movie is very similar to the article Confronting Ableism by Thomas Hehir. He claims that changing our attitude and approach in dealing with the handicapped is the solution to end stigmatization. Potok (2002) is of the same idea. We need to change how we label people with disabilities and accept

Effective and Ineffective adds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effective and Ineffective adds - Essay Example Secondly, the interest carries the consumer towards the body of the ad. The above ad has an interesting story to go along with it. It has an excellent visual and catches attention at the first glance. The droplet in the ad is the focal point, and it leads to the body copy, presumed to be what the advertiser wants the consumer to read. The logo and the headline, Estee Lauder, are at the bottom, as it puts more focus on the product (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). Third, the credibility is essential in the creative pyramid. The reader always wants the claims in an ad supported by tangible facts. The claims have to be relevant to the need of the audience. Credibility in the above ad differentiated it from other ads. It communicates information about the product and on where the product sold. Therefore, the ad builds loyalty, brand preference, and value to its consumers (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). Fourth, the desired step is where the ad puts the audience or the consumer imagines a situation of enjoying its consumption. The desire gives the customer a feeling that once they use the product, they will be happier. The above ad provides a solution to the aging skin due to lack of sleep. Thereby, the clients get a feeling that their aging skin got a solution finally (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). Lastly, the action comes as the last step in the creative pyramid. It gives the buyer the motivation of doing something. The motivation for using the product above is by the call for action in using it. Use of the above product means that the consumer wakes up with a more beautiful skin each morning. Therefore, the ad gives hope to the consumer through action (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). The above add is an example of an ineffective ad. The ad creates an awareness but in an inefficient manner. Not every man wears jeans. Therefore, it is limited to those who wear jeans. One may think that the cancer is only for